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TOPIC: CLOSE STUDY OF THE ORIGIN OF DIVINATION ( part 2

THE BOOK OF ENOCH

The Book of Enoch is an ancient Hebrew apocalyptic religious text, ascribed by tradition to Enoch, the great-grandfather of Noah. Enoch contains unique material on the origins of demons and Nephilim, why some angels fell from heaven, an explanation of why the Genesis flood was morally necessary, and a prophetic exposition of the thousand-year reign of the Messiah. Three books are traditionally attributed to Enoch including the distinct works; 2 Enoch and 3 Enoch, although none of the three books are considered canonical Scripture by the majority of Jewish or Christian bodies. The older sections of 1 Enoch (mainly the Book of the Watchers of the text are estimated to date from about 300-200 BC, and the latest part (Book of Parables) is probably from 100 BC. Various Aramaic fragments found in the dead sea scrolls, as well as Koine Greek and Latin fragments, are proof that the Book of Enoch was known by Jews and early Near Eastern Christians.

This Book was also quoted by some 1st and 2nd-century authors as in the Testaments of the twelve patriarchs. Authors of the New Testament were also familiar with some content of the story. A short section of 1 Enoch (1:9) is cited in the New Testament Epistle of Jude, Jude 1:14-15 and is attributed there to “Enoch the seventh from Adam” (1 Enoch 60:8), although this section of 1 Enoch is a midrash on Deuteronomy 33:2. Several copies of the earlier sections of 1 Enoch were preserved among the Dead Sea Scrolls.It is part of the biblical canon used by the Ethiopian Jewish community Beta Israel, as well as the Christian Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo church. Other Jewish and Christian groups generally regard it as non-canonical or non-inspired, but may accept it as having some historical or theological interests.

CANONICITY

Judaism Although widely known during the development of the Hebrew Bible canon, 1 Enoch was excluded from both the formal canon of the Tanakh and the typical canon of the Septuagint and therefore, also from the writings known today as the Deutero- canon. One possible reason for the Jewish rejection of the Book might be the textual nature of several early sections of the Book that makes use of materials from the Torah, for example, 1 En 1 is a midrash of Deuteronomy 33. The content, particularly detailed descriptions of fallen angels, would also be a reason for rejection from the Hebrew canon at this period- as illustrated by the comments of Trypho the Jew when debating with Justin Martyr on this subject “The utterances of God are holy, but your expositions are mere contrivances, as is plain from what has been explained to you; nay, even blasphemies for you assert that angels sinned and revolted from God.Today, the Ethiopic Beta Israel community of Haymanot Jews is the only Jewish group that accepts the Book of Enoch as canonical and still preserves it in its liturgical language

of Greek where it plays a central role in worship and the liturgy.

CHRISTIANITY

By the 4th century, the Book of Enoch was mostly excluded from Christian Biblical canons, and it is now regarded as Scripture only by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo church. References in the New Testament “Enoch the seventh from Adam” is quoted in Jude 1:1415. And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of His saints, to execute judgment upon all and to convict all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him. Compare this with Enoch 1:9, translated from the Ethiopic. And behold! He cometh with ten thousands of His saints to execute judgment upon all, and to destroy all the ungodly; and to convict all flesh of all the works of their ungodliness which they have ungodly committed, and of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him.

TO BE CONTINUED….

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